今天全世界都在上班，除了澳大利亚和新西兰,荞爸的澳洲来信微信公众号文章

亲爱的微友：

4月25日是ANZAC day，即澳新军团日。在这一天，澳大利亚和新西兰都放假一天。

我是来到澳洲以后才得知有这样一个公众假日，所以饶有兴趣地查了一下这个假日的来历。维基百科是这样说的：

In 1915, Australian and New Zealand soldiers formed part of an Allied expedition that set out to capture the Gallipoli Peninsula……The ANZAC force landed at Gallipoli on 25 April, meeting fierce resistance from the Ottoman Army ……At the end of 1915, the Allied forces were evacuated after both sides had suffered heavy casualties and endured great hardships. The Allied casualties included……8,709 from Australia, 2,721 from New Zealand……News of the landing at Gallipoli made a profound impact on Australians and New Zealanders at home and 25 April quickly became the day on which they remembered the sacrifice of those who had died in the war.

简单地说，就是一战期间，澳大利亚和新西兰帮英国去攻打土耳其。1915年4月25日，他们在一个叫加里波利半岛的地方登陆。这场战役持续了八个月，联军死伤惨重，只得撤退。澳新军团一共战死一万多人。

大洋洲一向远离世界主要的地域政治和军事冲突，所以一战中的这一场大战实属罕见。让我不解的是，庆祝胜利是人之常情，但加里波利战役明明失败了，为什么还要每年大张旗鼓地提醒大家不要忘了这次失利呢？

于是在Quora，我读到了一篇最好的答案，让我深深动容。以下是节选翻译（意译为主，考NAATI的请勿效仿）。

作者Karl Eaves，是昆士兰州基础设施和规划局的员工，业余历史爱好者。

I do not think "proud" is the right word. There is a duality to Australian's attitude toward ANZAC that is hard to explain unless you have grown up with it, or been immersed in it. From a young age, every Australian is taught the ANZAC story. The nuance and emphasis has changed over generations, but the heart of the "ANZAC Legend" remains the same.

”骄傲“并不是一个合适的词。澳洲人对澳新军团也褒贬不一，如果没有生长在这里，没有耳濡目染这种文化，很难解释明白。每个澳洲人都是听澳新军团的故事长大的，故事的细节和重点也与时俱进，但澳新军团传奇的内核没有改变。

ANZAC is not a story of glorious victory over an evil enemy. It is not a story of rampaging forces of righteousness triumphing over a barbarous horde of pagans.

澳新军团不是一段击败恶敌的光辉往事，也不是一个正义之师横扫蛮荒异教徒的传奇。

It is a story of the futility of war and the strength of "mateship" in the face of unimaginable horror.

这个故事展示了战争的徒劳，以及面对无边恐惧时的同袍之义。

Every Australian child quickly learns of the unthinkable miscalculations that led to the Gallipoli campaign. We learn about the tactical disasters that saw troops land on the wrong beaches, directly under the murderous fire of the Turks. We learn about the ineptitude of the (largely) British leadership that seemed oblivious to the welfare and lives of the unruly antipodean colonials under their command. We learn about the naivety of young men promised adventure and who went on to experience the gruesome reality of modern warfare.

每个澳洲孩子都听过，是不可思议的计算错误导致了加里波利战役；是战略上的灾难让军队登上了错误的海滩，直面土耳其军队的致命炮火；是英国的统帅无视澳新殖民地士兵生命和福祉；是无知的年轻人相信了探险的承诺，却经历了现代战争的惨烈现实。

We learn about the horrific conditions in the trenches: the constant sniping over parapets, the dysentery and disease and the total lack of military success on every measure except body count.

我们听说了战壕里的恐怖境地：狙击枪的子弹不时在护栏上呼啸而过，痢疾肆虐，毫无胜望，尸横遍野。

We also learn about the gallantary of the Turks, and of the unexpected camaraderie that arose during the brief cease fires where Turks and ANZACs shared cigarettes and food despite the fact that they had only moments before been hurling bullets and bombs at one another.

我们也听说了土军士兵的英勇，还有短暂停火期间意外的惺惺相惜，双方士兵交换香烟和食物，尽管片刻之后就要用子弹和炮火招呼对方。

And we learn that despite all these hardships, the one thing that kept the ANZACs from falling apart was their shared commitment to each other in the face of this hell on earth. What we call "mateship". The notion that no matter how dreadful their circumstance, how miserable the conditions, how pointless the campaign - they were there for each other, often selflessly sacrificing themselves to save their mates.

我们听说了让澳新军团在这样的地狱中历尽艰险依然团结一致的是他们彼此的承诺，也就是我们所说的”同袍之义“——不管情况多可怖，不管境遇多惨淡，不管战争多荒唐，他们都互相扶持，为挽救同伴而忘我献身。

We learn about the graciousness of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk, whose profoundly stirring letter to the mothers of the fallen is recited every year around the country and will move even the sternest soul to the verge of tears.

我们听说了土耳其穆斯塔法将军的雍容大气，他写给澳新军团战死士兵母亲的信感人肺腑，在国内年年众口相传，即便铁石心肠也闻之落泪。

And while this isn't taught as much - at least directly - we remember the impact on the very fabric of our society that the War had.

我们也记住了这场战争对我们社会基本机构的冲击，尽管我们没怎么学过这个，至少没有直接学过。

Let us not forget (no pun intended) that World War I impacted on EVERY part of Australia. Not a single town or family was left unaffected. The war changed the very fabric of Australian society in a way that no other event has ever approached (including the Second World War, although this receives far more attention).

我们不要忘记，澳洲无处没有受到一战的影响，没有一个镇、一个家庭能够幸免。这场战争改变了澳洲社会的基本结构，这种改变空前绝后（比二战的影响还大，尽管关注二战的人更多）。

The Australia of 1914-18 had a population of just over 5 million people. 416,809 men enlisted voluntarily. That's about 40% of the male population aged between 18-45. There was not a single street in Australia where one or more of their menfolk didn't leave for the battlefields of the First World War.

1914到1918年，澳洲人口只有500万，其中416,809人志愿参军，占到了18到45岁男性人口的40%。澳洲的每条街道都至少有一个男人奔赴一战战场。

60,000, or 15%, would never come home. They died in Gallipoli, the Middle East or the trenches of France and Belgium.

其中6万人未能生还，占到参军人数的15%。他们在加里波利、中东、还有法国和比利时战死沙场。

150,000 were wounded, gassed or taken prisoner.

其中15万人受伤、中了毒气或者被敌方俘虏。

That's over half killed, maimed or scarred for life.

加起来有超过一半人死伤，或者终身残疾。

That is almost unfathomable.

那几乎不可想象。

So no. We are not "proud" of our participation in World War I. We are brutalised, even after 100 years. Every family has a great grandfather or a great uncle who never came home and never lived a life, who left broken families and widows by the thousands. That is not to say Australia, New Zealand or Turkey are any different. All participants in World War I suffered similarly.

所以，我们并不以参加一战而感到”骄傲“。100年后，我们的伤口依然作痛。每个家庭都有曾祖父或者曾祖叔父未能生还，留下万千破碎的家庭和寡妇。我并不是说澳大利亚、新西兰和土耳其与众不同，每个一战的参战国都应感同身受。

Every time I walk past one of the many memorials scattered throughout Australia, I see the list of names of those men. I think about how big the town or area was in the early 20th century, and I see the names, and I imagine the sheer misery that must have infiltrated every home, every school, every church and every workplace as the telegrams arrived to announce that a son or a father or brother would never come home. Their blood spilt in a far distant country for a War that few really and truly understood.

每次我走过散布在澳洲各地的纪念碑，我都会看到这些人的名字。我会想象20世纪初这个小镇、这个地方会有多大。看到这些名字，我会想象，当某个儿子、父亲或者兄弟战死的电报传来，这里的每个家庭、学校、教堂和工作单位遭受了怎样的致命打击。

This is my local memorial. You can see around the base a series of plaques, all side by side. Each one of those plaques - and they circle the entire memorial - contains 30 names. There's about 20 plaques around the whole edifice. There are 616 names on that memorial. And 567 are from the Great War.

这是我本地的纪念碑。你可以看到基座四周并排的牌匾，每个牌匾上有30个名字，整个建筑有20个牌匾。所以纪念碑上有616个名字，其中567人来自一战。

And what makes this all the worse is that there are three other similar monuments within 5 minutes drive of where I live. All with different names on them. Every town and every suburb in Australia has one of these.

让我心情更加沉重的是，离我的住所5分钟的车距，还有另外3座类似的纪念碑，每一座上面都是不同的名字。澳洲每一个镇、每一个区都有这样的纪念碑。