美国营利性大学即将关门大吉?留学应避开这些雷区,留学社交联校网微信公众号文章

奥巴马政府对于营利性大学向来没有什么好感，奥巴马一度在演讲时将营利性大学称为“敲诈者”。据美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)7月1日报道，从7月1日开始，美教育部将正式对营利性大学严加监管，很多营利性大学总是对于学生毕业后的薪资水平夸下海口，而令学生贷款背负上大量债务，却在毕业后无法偿还。

美国教育部的一系列新规定被称为“有酬就业”，要求大学追踪毕业生的债务以及就业情况，以避免该专业达不到联邦要求。校方必须提供专业花费、毕业生就业后薪资水平以及将负担的债务水平等信息。这将令教育部能够了解到哪些专业会让学生们“吃不消”：既背负债务，薪资又少的可怜。也能让教育部了解到哪些专业“物美价廉”：学费不贵，毕业后又有好的薪资。

教育部部长艾恩·邓肯表示，目前有太多的学校“占了便宜”，让人们为此背上巨额债务，最后财政状况吃紧。“没有人上大学是为了这个”，邓肯说。

学校必须证明，一个典型的毕业生每年贷款支付不超过其可支配性收入的20%，或者其总收入的8%。这一新规则可能对营利性大学造成“倾覆式”影响，据美国教育部统计，目前全美有约1400个专业的84万学生不能达到教育部的标准。而这些学生里，99%都在营利性大学读书。

达不到教育部要求的院校则面临两个选择：迅速做出改变避免制裁，或者关门大吉。邓肯表示，“这些不怎么样的演员(指营利性大学)要么改变经营方式，改变现状，要么就被淘汰。”

据《第一财经日报》报道，在各种类型的大学中，营利性大学学生贷款违约率高达25%；其次是公立和非营利性专科学校；再次是学制四年的大学毕业生；医学、法律院校的毕业生以及其他高收入专业院校的毕业生违约比例最低。

数据显示，营利性大学学生只占大学生比例的10%，但占所有类型大学生贷款违约的44%。违约率高企的原因显而易见，想想许多营利性大学超过80%的辍学率就知道了。而且学生贷款违约并无财物抵押，也不能通过破产来勾销，政府和银行都无法追偿。

如果继续按目前营利性大学每年300亿美元助学贷款和25%的违约水平计算，十年后联邦政府仅发放给营利性大学的坏账就会达到750亿美元，再算上之前十几年累积的贷款拖欠，这一数额将达到千亿美元。

美国营利性大学名单：

· Academy of Art University – San Francisco, California

· Allied College – Maryland Heights, Missouri and Fenton, Missouri

· Allied American University – Laguna Hills, California

· American Career College – Los Angeles, California

· American College of Education – Illinois

· American Inter Continental University – multiple locations, a subsidiary of Career Education Corporation

· American Military University – Online

· American Public University – Online

· American Sentinel University - Online

· Antonelli College – multiple locations

· Argosy University – multiple locations, a subsidiary of Education Management Corporation

· Arizona Summit Law School - a subsidiary of Infi Law System

· The Art Institutes – multiple locations; not to be confusedwith University of The Arts, a subsidiary of Education Management Corporation

· ASA College-campuses in Brooklyn, midtown Manhattan, and Miami

· Ashford University – Clinton, Iowa, asubsidiary of Bridgepoint Education, includes Forbes School of Business

· Ashmead College – multiple locations

· ATI Enterprises- campuses in Arizona, Florida, and Texas

· Banner College – Arlington,Virginia

· Banner Institute – Chicago

· Beckfield College - a subsidiary of Quad Partners

· Berkeley College – New York and New Jersey; not to be confused with University of California, Berkeley, Berklee School of Music or the Berkeley College at Yale University

· Blair College – Colorado Springs, Colorado

· Blue Cliff College, a subsidiary of Quad Partners

· Breckinridge School of Nursing and Health Sciences - multiple locations, a subsidiary of ITT Education

· Briarcliffe College- Long Island, NY, a subsidiary of Career Education Corporation

· Brooks Institute of Photography – multiple locations

· Brown College – Mendota Heights, Minnesota; not to be confused with Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island

· Brown Mackie College – multiple locations, a subsidiary of Education Management Corporation

· Bryant & Stratton College – multiple locations

· Bryman College – multiple locations; not to be confused with The BrymanSchool in Arizona

· Bryman Institute – multiple location

· California Miramar University – San Diego, California (formerly knownas Pacific Western University)

· Capella University - Minneapolis, Minnesota and online

· Charlotte School of Law- subsidiary of Infi LawSystem

· The College of Westchester – White Plains, New York

· Chamberlain College of Nursing- a subsidiary of Devry

· Charter College- campuses in Alaska, California, and Washington

· Colorado Technical University – multiple locations, a subsidiary of Career Education Corporation

· Columbia Southern University – not to be confused with Columbia University

· Concorde Career Colleges- multiple locations

· Court Reporting Institute- St. Louis, MO and Dallas, TX

· Daniel Webster College – Nashua, New Hampshire, subsidiary of Devry

· Daymar College – multiple campuses in Kentucky and Ohio, and online

· Deaconess College of Nursing – St.Louis, Missouri

· DeVry Education Group – multiple locations, subsidiariesinclude Ross University School of Medicine, Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine,Chamberlain School of Nursing, Keller School of Management

· DigiPen Institute of Technology - Redmond,Washington

· Dorsey Schools- a subsidiary of Quad Partners

· ECPI University – formerly ECPI College of Technology; multiplelocations; includes Medical Careers Institute multiple locations in Virginia

· Engine City Technical Institute – South Plainfield, New Jersey

· Erie Business Center - Erie, PA

· Everglades University – BocaRaton, Florida

· Fashion Institute of Design & Merchandising – FIDM (four locations in California)not to be confused with Fashion Institute of Technology a state university in New York City

· Five Towns College – DixHills, New York

· Florida Career College – multiple locations

· Florida Costal School of Law-Jacksonville, FL. Subsidiary of Infi Law System

· Florida Metropolitan University – multiple locations

· Florida National University - Hialeah, Florida not to be confused with Florida State University

· Full Sail University – WinterPark, Florida

· Georgia Medical Institute – multiple locations, not to be confusedwith the Medical College of Georgia at Georgia Regents University

· Gibbs College – multiple locations

· Globe University/Minnesota School of Business – multiple locations in Minnesota not tobe confused with Carlson School of Management the business school of the University of Minnesota

· Grantham University - Kansas City, Missouri

· Grand Canyon University – Phoenix, Arizona

· Hamilton College (Iowa) – now part of Kaplan University;formerly operated from multiple locations in Iowa and Nebraska; not to beconfused with Hamilton College in Clinton, New York, or with theunaccredited Hamilton University

· Harris School of Business – multiple locations

· Harrison College (Indiana) – multiple locations

· Heald College – based in San Francisco: multiple locations inCalifornia, Portland, and Honolulu

· Herzing University – multiple locations, in the process of becoming anonprofit university

· High-Tech Institute – multiple locations

· Illinois School of Health Centers - Chicago, Illinois

· InterCoast Colleges/InterCoast Career Institute -multiple locations

· International Academy of Design and Technology – multiple locations

· ITT Technical Institute – multiple locations

· Kaplan College – multiple locations; includes Maric Colleges and KaplanCareer Institutes

· Kaplan University – multiple locations

· Keiser University – multiple locations, in the process of becoming anonprofit college

· Kendall College – Chicago, Illinois

· Kitchen Academy – Los Angeles, California

· Le Cordon Bleu – multiple locations, subsidiary of Career Education Corporation

· Lincoln Group of Schools – multiple locations not to be confusedwith LincolnUniversity

· Las Vegas College – Henderson, Nevada

· Los Angeles Film School – Los Angeles, California

· McCann School of Business and Technology – multiple locations

· McNally Smith College of Music – Saint Paul, Minnesota

· Miami International Universityof Art and Design

· Mildred Elley – multiple locations

· Miller-Motte – multiple locations

· Missouri College - a subsidiary of Career Education Corporation

· Monroe College – multiple locations

· Mount Washington College – multiple locations in New Hampshire

· Mountain West College – Salt Lake City, Utah

· National American University – multiple campuses, including Mall of America not to be confused with AmericanUniversity

· National College – multiple U.S. locations

· National Institute ofTechnology (United States) – multiple locations; not to be confusedwith National Institutes of Technology in India

· National Paralegal College - Phoenix, Arizona

· National School of Technology – multiple locations

· Neumont University – multiple locations

· NewSchool of Architecture and Design – San Diego, California; not to beconfused with The New School

· Northcentral University

· Ohio Business College – multiple locations

· Olympia Career Training Institute – multiple locations

· Pacific College of Oriental Medicine, asubsidiary of Quad Partners

· Parks College – multiple locations

· Pennco Tech – multiple locations

· Pioneer Pacific College – multiple locations in Oregon

· Pittsburgh Technical Institute – Oakdale, Pennsylvania and Cranberry Township, Butler County, Pennsylvania

· Porter and Chester Institute - Connecticut, Massachusettes

· Potomac College – Washington, D.C. area

· Post University- Connecticut, not to be confused with C.W. Post

· Rasmussen College – multiple locations

· Rhodes Colleges, Inc – multiple locations; not to be confusedwith RhodesCollege

· Rochester Business Institute – Rochester,New York, not to be confused with Rochester Institute of Technology

· Rocky Vista University Collegeof Osteopathic Medicine

· SAE Institute – formerly the School of Audio Engineering

· Salem International University – Salem,West Virginia

· San Joaquin Valley College – California, multiple locations

· Sanford-Brown College – multiple locations, subsidiary of Career Education Corporation not to be confused with either StanfordUniversity or SamfordUniversity

· Schiller International University – multiple locations

· School of Visual Arts – New York City

· South College, Knoxville, Tennessee

· South University – multiple locations; not to be confused with SouthernUniversity or the University of the South

· Southern Careers Institute - Texas, multiple locations

· Southern States University, California

· Southwest Florida College Tampa, Fort Myers, PortCharlotte, Bonita Springs

· Spartan College of Aeronautics and Technology Tulsa, Oklahoma

· Southwestern College – multiple locations; not to be confusedwith Southwestern University or LincolnUniversity

· Specs Howard School of Media Arts – Michigan

· Spencerian College – Kentucky, multiple locations

· Springfield College – Springfield, Missouri; not to be confused with Springfield College in Springfield, Massachusetts

· Stratford University – multiple locations

· Strayer University – multiple locations

· Sullivan University – Kentucky, multiple locations

· TCI College of Technology – New York City; in 2007 TCI alsoassumed responsibility for the closed Interboro Institute, owned by EVCI CareerColleges Holding Corporation

· Tooling University, Cleveland, Ohio

· United Education Institute - campuses in California and Georgia

· Universal Technical Institute- campuses in Arizona,California, Florida, Massachusetts, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Texas

· University of Advancing Technology – Tempe, Arizona

· University of Phoenix – multiple locations

· University of the Potomac - Washington DC; Vienna, Virginia;online

· University of the Rockies – Colorado Springs, Colorado, a subsidiary of Bridgepoint Education

· U.S. Career Institute - Fort Collins, Colorado

· Vet Tech Institute – Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

· Virginia College – multiple locations, not to be confused with the University of Virginia

· Walden University – Minneapolis, Minnesota

· Waldorf College - Forrest City, Iowa