今天Richard老师要说的是:隐含或解释(Implications orExplanations)。因果关系,简单直白点,就是因为……所以……的那些事。说到因为和所以,每个人脑海里一下子闪出来的一定是because和so,非常好!但如果通篇都是because和so,尤其是像数学这种逻辑性超强的学科来说,这两个词会不会累到罢工了呢?来看下面的例子吧:
1. The gradient of astraight line is positive.
直线的斜率是正数。
2. The straight line isincreasing.
直线是上升的。
as/because/since(最常见的用法)
As(Because, Since) the gradient of a straight line is positive, this line isincreasing.
due to(比用as更强调)
The straight line isincreasing due to its positivegradient.
in view of/owing to/on account of(比用as更强调)
In view of (Owing to,On account of) positive gradient of astraight line, it is increasing.
given(所述条件不可避免的结果)
Givenpositive gradient of a straight line, it is increasing.
it follows that(对原因给出比用as更多的强调)
The gradient of astraight line is positive. It followsthat this line is increasing.
consequently/therefore/thus(强调性居于as和it follows that之间。Consequently和therefore在句子开头比thus更合适)
The gradient of astraight line is positive and consequently(therefore, thus) this line is increasing.
大家是不是很常用because和since呢?这当然没有问题。但当一页纸里有过多的because,便会使文章读起来生硬,所以,我们要学会合理的应用as,due to,it follows that等连接词或短语。
同样的情况也出现在therefore和hence的运用中。我们也可以使用不同的说法,如consequently和it follows from ... that,以免重复。另外,because后面跟的是从句,若只跟名词或动名词,则用because of。
下一讲Richard老师要讲转折关系了!同学们现在可以思考一下,可以替换but的词,你能想起几个呢?
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想重温上期的并列连词,可以点击阅读原文哦~~
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